Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of aqueous extract of Flos populi.
Identifieur interne : 002367 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 002366; suivant : 002368Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of aqueous extract of Flos populi.
Auteurs : Qianqian Xu [République populaire de Chine] ; Yubo Wang [République populaire de Chine] ; Shijin Guo [République populaire de Chine] ; Zhiqiang Shen [République populaire de Chine] ; Yanping Wang [République populaire de Chine] ; Limei Yang [République populaire de Chine]Source :
- Journal of ethnopharmacology [ 1872-7573 ] ; 2014.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Analgésiques (administration et posologie), Analgésiques (isolement et purification), Analgésiques (pharmacologie), Animaux (MeSH), Anti-inflammatoires (administration et posologie), Anti-inflammatoires (isolement et purification), Anti-inflammatoires (pharmacologie), Carragénane (toxicité), Douleur (anatomopathologie), Douleur (traitement médicamenteux), Extraits de plantes (administration et posologie), Extraits de plantes (pharmacologie), Femelle (MeSH), Inflammation (anatomopathologie), Inflammation (traitement médicamenteux), Modèles animaux de maladie humaine (MeSH), Mâle (MeSH), Médecine traditionnelle chinoise (MeSH), Oedème (anatomopathologie), Oedème (traitement médicamenteux), Populus (composition chimique), Rat Wistar (MeSH), Rats (MeSH), Relation dose-effet des médicaments (MeSH), Souris (MeSH), Souris de lignée BALB C (MeSH).
- MESH :
- administration et posologie : Analgésiques, Anti-inflammatoires, Extraits de plantes.
- anatomopathologie : Douleur, Inflammation, Oedème.
- composition chimique : Populus.
- isolement et purification : Analgésiques, Anti-inflammatoires.
- pharmacologie : Analgésiques, Anti-inflammatoires, Extraits de plantes.
- toxicité : Carragénane.
- traitement médicamenteux : Douleur, Inflammation, Oedème.
- Animaux, Femelle, Modèles animaux de maladie humaine, Mâle, Médecine traditionnelle chinoise, Rat Wistar, Rats, Relation dose-effet des médicaments, Souris, Souris de lignée BALB C.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Analgesics (administration & dosage), Analgesics (isolation & purification), Analgesics (pharmacology), Animals (MeSH), Anti-Inflammatory Agents (administration & dosage), Anti-Inflammatory Agents (isolation & purification), Anti-Inflammatory Agents (pharmacology), Carrageenan (toxicity), Disease Models, Animal (MeSH), Dose-Response Relationship, Drug (MeSH), Edema (drug therapy), Edema (pathology), Female (MeSH), Inflammation (drug therapy), Inflammation (pathology), Male (MeSH), Medicine, Chinese Traditional (MeSH), Mice (MeSH), Mice, Inbred BALB C (MeSH), Pain (drug therapy), Pain (pathology), Plant Extracts (administration & dosage), Plant Extracts (pharmacology), Populus (chemistry), Rats (MeSH), Rats, Wistar (MeSH).
- MESH :
- chemical , administration & dosage : Analgesics, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Plant Extracts.
- chemical , isolation & purification : Analgesics, Anti-Inflammatory Agents.
- chemical , pharmacology : Analgesics, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Plant Extracts.
- chemical , toxicity : Carrageenan.
- chemistry : Populus.
- drug therapy : Edema, Inflammation, Pain.
- pathology : Edema, Inflammation, Pain.
- Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Male, Medicine, Chinese Traditional, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Rats, Rats, Wistar.
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE
Flos populi is an important traditional Chinese medicine prepared from the male inflorescence of Populus tomentosa Carr. or Populus canadensis Moench (Salicaceae family). Flos populi is mainly used for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases and anti diarrhea in East Asian countries. The objective of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of the aqueous extract of Flos populi (FPAE).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Cotton pellets-induced granuloma, carrageenan-induced paw oedema, arachidonic acid-induced right ear oedema and xylene-induced ear oedema were used to assess anti-inflammatory activity of FPAE and analgesic activity was evaluated by hot plate test, acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing test and formalin test.
RESULTS
FPAE produced significant dose-response anti-inflammatory activity against cotton pellets-induced granuloma. FPAE at dosages of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg bw. significantly reduced carrageenan-induced paw edema by 48.84% (P<0.05), 54.95% (P<0.05), and 62.05% (P<0.05) at 5h after carrageenan injection, respectively. FPAE significantly (P<0.05) reduced the ear oedema induced by arachidonic acid and peaked at the dose of 200 mg/kg bw. (40.78%). A significant (P<0.05) dose dependent inhibition of xylene-induced oedema was produced by FPAE and peaked at the highest dose of 200 mg/kg bw. (23.95%). FPAE (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg bw.) produced significant dose-response analgesic activity in the hot-plate test. However, the low percentage inhibition (<50%) suggests that it is not a centrally acting analgesic. Extract at dosages of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg bw., p.o. significantly reduced acetic acid-induced writhing by 39.6% (P<0.05), 45.4% (P<0.05), and 51.8% (P<0.05), respectively. The extract also caused marked dose-dependent inhibition of formalin-induced pain in the second phase (P<0.05).
CONCLUSION
The findings in this study suggest that the aqueous extract of Flos populi possesses anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. These results may support the fact that this plant is used traditionally to cure inflammatory diseases.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.01.037
PubMed: 24508857
Affiliations:
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256600</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Binzhou 256600</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Limei" sort="Yang, Limei" uniqKey="Yang L" first="Limei" last="Yang">Limei Yang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou 256600, China; Shandong Lvdu Ante Veterinary Drug Industry Co., Ltd, Binzhou 256600, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou 256600, China; Shandong Lvdu Ante Veterinary Drug Industry Co., Ltd, Binzhou 256600</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Binzhou 256600</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of ethnopharmacology</title><idno type="eISSN">1872-7573</idno><imprint><date when="2014" type="published">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Analgesics (administration & dosage)</term><term>Analgesics (isolation & purification)</term><term>Analgesics (pharmacology)</term><term>Animals (MeSH)</term><term>Anti-Inflammatory Agents (administration & dosage)</term><term>Anti-Inflammatory Agents (isolation & purification)</term><term>Anti-Inflammatory Agents (pharmacology)</term><term>Carrageenan (toxicity)</term><term>Disease Models, Animal (MeSH)</term><term>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug (MeSH)</term><term>Edema (drug therapy)</term><term>Edema (pathology)</term><term>Female (MeSH)</term><term>Inflammation (drug therapy)</term><term>Inflammation (pathology)</term><term>Male (MeSH)</term><term>Medicine, Chinese Traditional (MeSH)</term><term>Mice (MeSH)</term><term>Mice, Inbred BALB C (MeSH)</term><term>Pain (drug therapy)</term><term>Pain (pathology)</term><term>Plant Extracts (administration & dosage)</term><term>Plant Extracts (pharmacology)</term><term>Populus (chemistry)</term><term>Rats (MeSH)</term><term>Rats, Wistar (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Analgésiques (administration et posologie)</term><term>Analgésiques (isolement et purification)</term><term>Analgésiques (pharmacologie)</term><term>Animaux (MeSH)</term><term>Anti-inflammatoires (administration et posologie)</term><term>Anti-inflammatoires (isolement et purification)</term><term>Anti-inflammatoires (pharmacologie)</term><term>Carragénane (toxicité)</term><term>Douleur (anatomopathologie)</term><term>Douleur (traitement médicamenteux)</term><term>Extraits de plantes (administration et posologie)</term><term>Extraits de plantes (pharmacologie)</term><term>Femelle (MeSH)</term><term>Inflammation (anatomopathologie)</term><term>Inflammation (traitement médicamenteux)</term><term>Modèles animaux de maladie humaine (MeSH)</term><term>Mâle (MeSH)</term><term>Médecine traditionnelle chinoise (MeSH)</term><term>Oedème (anatomopathologie)</term><term>Oedème (traitement médicamenteux)</term><term>Populus (composition chimique)</term><term>Rat Wistar (MeSH)</term><term>Rats (MeSH)</term><term>Relation dose-effet des médicaments (MeSH)</term><term>Souris (MeSH)</term><term>Souris de lignée BALB C (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="administration & dosage" xml:lang="en"><term>Analgesics</term><term>Anti-Inflammatory Agents</term><term>Plant Extracts</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en"><term>Analgesics</term><term>Anti-Inflammatory Agents</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="pharmacology" xml:lang="en"><term>Analgesics</term><term>Anti-Inflammatory Agents</term><term>Plant Extracts</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="toxicity" xml:lang="en"><term>Carrageenan</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="administration et posologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Analgésiques</term><term>Anti-inflammatoires</term><term>Extraits de plantes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="anatomopathologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Douleur</term><term>Inflammation</term><term>Oedème</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>Populus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="composition chimique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Populus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Edema</term><term>Inflammation</term><term>Pain</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolement et purification" xml:lang="fr"><term>Analgésiques</term><term>Anti-inflammatoires</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathology" xml:lang="en"><term>Edema</term><term>Inflammation</term><term>Pain</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pharmacologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Analgésiques</term><term>Anti-inflammatoires</term><term>Extraits de plantes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="toxicité" xml:lang="fr"><term>Carragénane</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="traitement médicamenteux" xml:lang="fr"><term>Douleur</term><term>Inflammation</term><term>Oedème</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Disease Models, Animal</term><term>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</term><term>Female</term><term>Male</term><term>Medicine, Chinese Traditional</term><term>Mice</term><term>Mice, Inbred BALB C</term><term>Rats</term><term>Rats, Wistar</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Modèles animaux de maladie humaine</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Médecine traditionnelle chinoise</term><term>Rat Wistar</term><term>Rats</term><term>Relation dose-effet des médicaments</term><term>Souris</term><term>Souris de lignée BALB C</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE</b></p><p>Flos populi is an important traditional Chinese medicine prepared from the male inflorescence of Populus tomentosa Carr. or Populus canadensis Moench (Salicaceae family). Flos populi is mainly used for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases and anti diarrhea in East Asian countries. The objective of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of the aqueous extract of Flos populi (FPAE).</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>MATERIALS AND METHODS</b></p><p>Cotton pellets-induced granuloma, carrageenan-induced paw oedema, arachidonic acid-induced right ear oedema and xylene-induced ear oedema were used to assess anti-inflammatory activity of FPAE and analgesic activity was evaluated by hot plate test, acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing test and formalin test.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b></p><p>FPAE produced significant dose-response anti-inflammatory activity against cotton pellets-induced granuloma. FPAE at dosages of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg bw. significantly reduced carrageenan-induced paw edema by 48.84% (P<0.05), 54.95% (P<0.05), and 62.05% (P<0.05) at 5h after carrageenan injection, respectively. FPAE significantly (P<0.05) reduced the ear oedema induced by arachidonic acid and peaked at the dose of 200 mg/kg bw. (40.78%). A significant (P<0.05) dose dependent inhibition of xylene-induced oedema was produced by FPAE and peaked at the highest dose of 200 mg/kg bw. (23.95%). FPAE (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg bw.) produced significant dose-response analgesic activity in the hot-plate test. However, the low percentage inhibition (<50%) suggests that it is not a centrally acting analgesic. Extract at dosages of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg bw., p.o. significantly reduced acetic acid-induced writhing by 39.6% (P<0.05), 45.4% (P<0.05), and 51.8% (P<0.05), respectively. The extract also caused marked dose-dependent inhibition of formalin-induced pain in the second phase (P<0.05).</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSION</b></p><p>The findings in this study suggest that the aqueous extract of Flos populi possesses anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. These results may support the fact that this plant is used traditionally to cure inflammatory diseases.</p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">24508857</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2014</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2014</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>17</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1872-7573</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>152</Volume><Issue>3</Issue><PubDate><Year>2014</Year><Month>Mar</Month><Day>28</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Journal of ethnopharmacology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J Ethnopharmacol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of aqueous extract of Flos populi.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>540-5</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.jep.2014.01.037</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S0378-8741(14)00097-X</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Flos populi is an important traditional Chinese medicine prepared from the male inflorescence of Populus tomentosa Carr. or Populus canadensis Moench (Salicaceae family). Flos populi is mainly used for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases and anti diarrhea in East Asian countries. The objective of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of the aqueous extract of Flos populi (FPAE).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="MATERIALS AND METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">Cotton pellets-induced granuloma, carrageenan-induced paw oedema, arachidonic acid-induced right ear oedema and xylene-induced ear oedema were used to assess anti-inflammatory activity of FPAE and analgesic activity was evaluated by hot plate test, acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing test and formalin test.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">FPAE produced significant dose-response anti-inflammatory activity against cotton pellets-induced granuloma. FPAE at dosages of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg bw. significantly reduced carrageenan-induced paw edema by 48.84% (P<0.05), 54.95% (P<0.05), and 62.05% (P<0.05) at 5h after carrageenan injection, respectively. FPAE significantly (P<0.05) reduced the ear oedema induced by arachidonic acid and peaked at the dose of 200 mg/kg bw. (40.78%). A significant (P<0.05) dose dependent inhibition of xylene-induced oedema was produced by FPAE and peaked at the highest dose of 200 mg/kg bw. (23.95%). FPAE (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg bw.) produced significant dose-response analgesic activity in the hot-plate test. However, the low percentage inhibition (<50%) suggests that it is not a centrally acting analgesic. Extract at dosages of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg bw., p.o. significantly reduced acetic acid-induced writhing by 39.6% (P<0.05), 45.4% (P<0.05), and 51.8% (P<0.05), respectively. The extract also caused marked dose-dependent inhibition of formalin-induced pain in the second phase (P<0.05).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">The findings in this study suggest that the aqueous extract of Flos populi possesses anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. These results may support the fact that this plant is used traditionally to cure inflammatory diseases.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Xu</LastName><ForeName>Qianqian</ForeName><Initials>Q</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou 256600, China; Shandong Lvdu Ante Veterinary Drug Industry Co., Ltd, Binzhou 256600, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Yubo</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Thoracic Surgery, Binzhou Medical College Hospital, Binzhou 256600, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Guo</LastName><ForeName>Shijin</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou 256600, China; Shandong Lvdu Ante Veterinary Drug Industry Co., Ltd, Binzhou 256600, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shen</LastName><ForeName>Zhiqiang</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou 256600, China; Shandong Lvdu Ante Veterinary Drug Industry Co., Ltd, Binzhou 256600, China. Electronic address: sdbzqq3022@163.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Yanping</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou 256600, China; Shandong Lvdu Ante Veterinary Drug Industry Co., Ltd, Binzhou 256600, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yang</LastName><ForeName>Limei</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou 256600, China; Shandong Lvdu Ante Veterinary Drug Industry Co., Ltd, Binzhou 256600, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2014</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>07</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Ireland</Country><MedlineTA>J Ethnopharmacol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>7903310</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0378-8741</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000700">Analgesics</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000893">Anti-Inflammatory Agents</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D010936">Plant Extracts</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>9000-07-1</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D002351">Carrageenan</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000700" MajorTopicYN="N">Analgesics</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000008" MajorTopicYN="N">administration & dosage</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000302" MajorTopicYN="N">isolation & purification</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="Y">pharmacology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000818" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000893" MajorTopicYN="N">Anti-Inflammatory Agents</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000008" MajorTopicYN="N">administration & dosage</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000302" MajorTopicYN="N">isolation & purification</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="Y">pharmacology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002351" MajorTopicYN="N">Carrageenan</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000633" MajorTopicYN="N">toxicity</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004195" MajorTopicYN="N">Disease Models, Animal</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004305" MajorTopicYN="N">Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004487" MajorTopicYN="N">Edema</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="N">drug therapy</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007249" MajorTopicYN="N">Inflammation</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="N">drug therapy</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008516" MajorTopicYN="N">Medicine, Chinese Traditional</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D051379" MajorTopicYN="N">Mice</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008807" MajorTopicYN="N">Mice, Inbred BALB C</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010146" MajorTopicYN="N">Pain</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="N">drug therapy</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010936" MajorTopicYN="N">Plant Extracts</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000008" MajorTopicYN="N">administration & dosage</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="Y">pharmacology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D032107" MajorTopicYN="N">Populus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="Y">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D051381" MajorTopicYN="N">Rats</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017208" MajorTopicYN="N">Rats, Wistar</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Analgesic</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Anti-inflammatory</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Flos populi</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2013</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>22</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2013</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>29</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2014</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>30</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2014</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>11</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2014</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>11</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2014</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>15</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24508857</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S0378-8741(14)00097-X</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.jep.2014.01.037</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>République populaire de Chine</li></country></list><tree><country name="République populaire de Chine"><noRegion><name sortKey="Xu, Qianqian" sort="Xu, Qianqian" uniqKey="Xu Q" first="Qianqian" last="Xu">Qianqian Xu</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Guo, Shijin" sort="Guo, Shijin" uniqKey="Guo S" first="Shijin" last="Guo">Shijin Guo</name><name sortKey="Shen, Zhiqiang" sort="Shen, Zhiqiang" uniqKey="Shen Z" first="Zhiqiang" last="Shen">Zhiqiang Shen</name><name sortKey="Wang, Yanping" sort="Wang, Yanping" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Yanping" last="Wang">Yanping Wang</name><name sortKey="Wang, Yubo" sort="Wang, Yubo" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Yubo" last="Wang">Yubo Wang</name><name sortKey="Yang, Limei" sort="Yang, Limei" uniqKey="Yang L" first="Limei" last="Yang">Limei 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